TABLA DE TORQUES
Valores Sugeridos de Torque de Apriete
La siguiente tabla es un valor estimado de apriete se ofrece solo como una guía. Será responsabilidad del usuario aplicar el torque correcto debido a factores externos fuera de nuestro control.
ASTM A307
| Diámetro | Paso | Carga de Prueba (lbs) | Fuerza de Apriete (lbs) | Torque (ft lbs) | ||
| Lubricado | Galv | Negro | ||||
| 1/4 | 20 | 1,145 | 859 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| 5/16 | 18 | 1,886 | 1,415 | 4 | 9 | 7 |
| 3/8 | 16 | 2,790 | 2,093 | 7 | 16 | 13 |
| 7/16 | 14 | 3,827 | 2,870 | 10 | 26 | 21 |
| 1/2 | 13 | 5,108 | 3,831 | 16 | 40 | 32 |
| 9/16 | 12 | 6,552 | 4,914 | 23 | 58 | 46 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 8,136 | 6,102 | 32 | 79 | 64 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 12,024 | 9,018 | 56 | 141 | 113 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 15,200 | 11,400 | 83 | 208 | 166 |
| 1 | 8 | 20,000 | 15,000 | 125 | 313 | 250 |
| 1 1/8 | 7 | 25,200 | 18,900 | 177 | 443 | 354 |
| 1 1/4 | 7 | 32,000 | 24,000 | 250 | 625 | 500 |
| 1 3/8 | 6 | 38,100 | 28,575 | 327 | 819 | 655 |
| 1 1/2 | 6 | 46,400 | 34,800 | 435 | 1,088 | 870 |
| 1 3/4 | 5 | 68,400 | 51,300 | 748 | 1,870 | 1,496 |
| 2 | 4 1/2 | 90,000 | 67,500 | 1,125 | 2,813 | 2,250 |
| 2 1/4 | 4 1/2 | 117,000 | 87,750 | 1,645 | 4,113 | 3,291 |
| 2 1/2 | 4 | 144,000 | 108,000 | 2,250 | 5,625 | 4,500 |
| 2 3/4 | 4 | 177,480 | 133,110 | 3,050 | 7,626 | 6,101 |
| 3 | 4 | 214,920 | 161,190 | 4,030 | 10,074 | 8,060 |
| 3 1/4 | 4 | 255,600 | 191,700 | 5,192 | 12,980 | 10,384 |
| 3 1/2 | 4 | 299,880 | 224,910 | 6,560 | 16,400 | 13,120 |
| 3 3/4 | 4 | 347,760 | 260,820 | 8,151 | 20,377 | 16,301 |
| 4 | 4 | 398,880 | 299,160 | 9,972 | 24,930 | 19,944 |
SAE GRADE 2
| Diámetro | Paso | Carga de Prueba (lbs) | Fuerza de Apriete (lbs) | Torque (ft lbs) | ||
| Lubricado | Galv | Negro | ||||
| 1/4 | 20 | 1,750 | 1,313 | 3 | 7 | 5 |
| 5/16 | 18 | 2,900 | 2,175 | 6 | 14 | 11 |
| 3/8 | 16 | 4,250 | 3,188 | 10 | 25 | 20 |
| 7/16 | 14 | 5,850 | 4,388 | 16 | 40 | 32 |
| 1/2 | 13 | 7,800 | 5,850 | 24 | 61 | 49 |
| 9/16 | 12 | 10,000 | 7,500 | 35 | 88 | 70 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 12,400 | 9,300 | 48 | 121 | 97 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 18,400 | 13,800 | 86 | 216 | 173 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 15,200 | 11,400 | 83 | 208 | 166 |
| 1 | 8 | 20,000 | 15,000 | 125 | 313 | 250 |
| 1 1/8 | 7 | 25,200 | 18,900 | 177 | 443 | 354 |
| 1 1/4 | 7 | 32,000 | 24,000 | 250 | 625 | 500 |
| 1 3/8 | 6 | 38,100 | 28,575 | 327 | 819 | 655 |
| 1 1/2 | 6 | 46,400 | 34,800 | 435 | 1,088 | 870 |
ASTM A449 / SAE Grade 5
| Diámetro | Paso | Carga de Prueba (lbs) | Fuerza de Apriete (lbs) | Torque (ft lbs) | ||
| Lubricado | Galv | Negro | ||||
| 1/4 | 20 | 2,700 | 2,025 | 4 | 11 | 8 |
| 5/16 | 18 | 4,450 | 3,338 | 9 | 11 | 8 |
| 3/8 | 16 | 6,600 | 4,950 | 15 | 39 | 31 |
| 7/16 | 14 | 9,050 | 6,788 | 25 | 62 | 49 |
| 1/2 | 13 | 12,050 | 9,038 | 38 | 94 | 75 |
| 9/16 | 12 | 15,450 | 11,588 | 54 | 136 | 109 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 19,200 | 14,400 | 75 | 188 | 150 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 28,400 | 21,300 | 133 | 333 | 266 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 39,250 | 29,438 | 215 | 537 | 429 |
| 1 | 8 | 51,500 | 38,625 | 322 | 805 | 644 |
| 1 1/8 | 7 | 56,450 | 42,338 | 397 | 992 | 794 |
| 1 1/4 | 7 | 71,700 | 53,775 | 560 | 1,400 | 1,120 |
| 1 3/8 | 6 | 85,450 | 64,088 | 734 | 1,836 | 1,469 |
| 1 1/2 | 6 | 104,000 | 78,000 | 975 | 2,438 | 1,950 |
| 1 3/4 | 5 | 104,500 | 78,375 | 1,143 | 2,857 | 2,286 |
| 2 | 4 1/2 | 137,500 | 103,125 | 1,719 | 4,297 | 3,438 |
| 2 1/4 | 4 1/2 | 178,750 | 134,063 | 2,514 | 6,284 | 5,027 |
| 2 1/2 | 4 | 220,000 | 165,000 | 3,438 | 8,594 | 6,875 |
| 2 3/4 | 4 | 271,150 | 203,363 | 4,660 | 11,651 | 9,321 |
| 3 | 4 | 328,350 | 246,263 | 6,157 | 15,391 | 12,313 |
ASTM A-325
| Diámetro Tornillo | Paso | Tensión | Rango de Torque de apriete (ft lbs)(Min - Max) | |||
| Min | Max | Lubricado | Galv | Negro | ||
| 1/2 | 13 | 12,000 | 14,000 | 50 - 58 | 125 - 146 | 100 - 117 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 19,000 | 23,000 | 99 - 120 | 248 - 300 | 198 - 240 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 28,000 | 34,000 | 175 - 213 | 438 - 531 | 350 - 425 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 39,000 | 47,000 | 284 - 343 | 711 - 856 | 569 - 685 |
| 1 | 8 | 51,000 | 61,000 | 425 - 508 | 1063 - 1271 | 850 - 1017 |
| 1 1/8 | 7 | 56,000 | 67,000 | 525 - 625 | 1313 - 1570 | 1050 - 1256 |
| 1 1/4 | 7 | 71,000 | 85,000 | 740 - 885 | 1849 - 2214 | 1479 - 1771 |
| 1 3/8 | 6 | 85,000 | 102,000 | 974 - 1169 | 2435 - 2923 | 1948 - 2338 |
| 1 1/2 | 6 | 103,000 | 124,000 | 1288 - 1550 | 3219 - 3875 | 2575 - 3100 |
ASTM A-139 B7
| Diámetro Tornillo | Paso | Carga de Prueba (lbs) | Fuerza de Apriete (lbs) | Torque (ft lbs) | ||
| Lubricado | Galv | Negro | ||||
| 1/4 | 20 | 3,350 | 2,513 | 5 | 13 | 10 |
| 5/16 | 18 | 5,500 | 4,125 | 11 | 27 | 21 |
| 3/8 | 16 | 8,150 | 6,113 | 19 | 48 | 38 |
| 7/16 | 14 | 11,150 | 8,363 | 30 | 76 | 61 |
| 1/2 | 13 | 14,900 | 11,175 | 47 | 116 | 93 |
| 9/16 | 12 | 19,100 | 14,325 | 67 | 168 | 134 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 23,750 | 17,813 | 93 | 232 | 186 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 35,050 | 26,288 | 164 | 411 | 329 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 48,500 | 36,375 | 265 | 663 | 530 |
| 1 | 8 | 63,650 | 47,738 | 398 | 995 | 796 |
| 11⁄8 | 7 | 80,100 | 60,075 | 563 | 1,408 | 1,126 |
| 8 | 82,934 | 62,201 | 583 | 1,458 | 1,166 | |
| 11⁄4 | 7 | 101,750 | 76,313 | 795 | 1,987 | 1,590 |
| 8 | 105,006 | 78,754 | 820 | 2,051 | 1,641 | |
| 13⁄8 | 6 | 121,300 | 90,975 | 1,042 | 2,606 | 2,085 |
| 8 | 129,492 | 97,119 | 1,113 | 2,782 | 2,226 | |
| 11⁄2 | 6 | 147,550 | 110,663 | 1,383 | 3,458 | 2,767 |
| 8 | 156,687 | 117,515 | 1,469 | 3,672 | 2,938 | |
| 13⁄4 | 5 | 199,500 | 149,625 | 2,182 | 5,455 | 4,364 |
| 8 | 218,400 | 163,800 | 2,389 | 5,972 | 4,778 | |
| 2 | 4.5 | 262,500 | 196,875 | 3,281 | 8,203 | 6,563 |
| 8 | 290,850 | 218,138 | 3,636 | 9,089 | 7,271 | |
ASTM A490
| Diámetro Tornillo | Paso | Tensión (lbs) | Rango de Torque de apriete (ft lbs) (Min - Max) | |||
| Min | Max | Lubricado | Galv | Negro | ||
| 1/2 | 13 | 15,000 | 18,000 | 63 - 75 | 156 - 188 | 125 - 150 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 24,000 | 29,000 | 125 - 151 | 313 - 378 | 250 - 302 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 35,000 | 42,000 | 219 - 263 | 548 - 656 | 438 - 525 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 49,000 | 59,000 | 357 - 430 | 894 - 1075 | 715 - 860 |
| 1 | 8 | 64,000 | 77,000 | 533 - 642 | 1334 - 1604 | 1067 - 1283 |
| 1 1/8 | 7 | 80,000 | 96,000 | 750 - 900 | 1875 - 2250 | 1500 - 1800 |
| 1 1/4 | 7 | 102,000 | 122,000 | 1063 - 1271 | 2656 - 3178 | 2125 - 2542 |
| 1 3/8 | 6 | 121,000 | 145,000 | 1386 - 1661 | 3466 - 4154 | 2773 - 3323 |
| 1 1/2 | 6 | 148,000 | 178,000 | 1850 - 2225 | 4625 - 5563 | 3700 - 4450 |
ASTM A354-BD / SAE Grade 8
| Diámetro Tornillo | Paso | Carga de Prueba (lbs) | Fuerza de apriete (lbs) | Torque (ft lbs) | |
| Lubricado | Negro | ||||
| 1/4 | 20 | 3,800 | 2,850 | 6 | 12 |
| 5/16 | 18 | 6,300 | 4,725 | 12 | 25 |
| 3/8 | 16 | 9,300 | 6,975 | 22 | 44 |
| 7/16 | 14 | 12,750 | 9,563 | 35 | 70 |
| 1/2 | 13 | 17,050 | 12,788 | 53 | 107 |
| 9/16 | 12 | 21,850 | 16,388 | 77 | 154 |
| 5/8 | 11 | 27,100 | 20,325 | 106 | 212 |
| 3/4 | 10 | 40,100 | 30,075 | 188 | 376 |
| 7/8 | 9 | 55,450 | 41,588 | 303 | 606 |
| 1 | 8 | 72,700 | 54,525 | 454 | 909 |
| 1 1/8 | 7 | 91,550 | 68,663 | 644 | 1,287 |
| 1 1/4 | 7 | 120,000 | 90,000 | 938 | 1,875 |
| 1 3/8 | 6 | 138,600 | 103,950 | 1,191 | 2,382 |
| 1 1/2 | 6 | 168,600 | 126,450 | 1,581 | 3,161 |
| 1 3/4 | 5 | 228,000 | 171,000 | 2,494 | 4,988 |
| 2 | 4.5 | 300,000 | 225,000 | 3,750 | 7,500 |
| 2 1/4 | 4.5 | 390,000 | 292,500 | 5,484 | 10,969 |
| 2 1/2 | 4 | 480,000 | 360,000 | 7,500 | 15,000 |
| 2 3/4 | 4 | 517,650 | 388,238 | 8,897 | 17,794 |
| 3 | 4 | 626,850 | 470,138 | 11,753 | 23,507 |
| 3 1/4 | 4 | 745,500 | 559,125 | 15,143 | 30,286 |
| 3 1/2 | 4 | 874,650 | 655,988 | 19,133 | 38,266 |
| 3 3/4 | 4 | 1,014,300 | 760,725 | 23,773 | 47,545 |
| 4 | 4 | 1,163,400 | 872,550 | 29,085 | 58,100 |
Notas:
- Valores calculados utilizando la fórmula industrial aceptada T = KDP, donde T = Torque, K = torque coefficient (sin dimensiones), D = Diámetro Nominal (in.), P = fuerza de apriete del tornillo, lb.
- Valores para K : Lubricado (e.g. grasa) = .10, Galvanizado = .25, and Negro = .20.
- El Torque se ha convertido a ft/lbs dividiendo el resultado de la fórmula por 12.
- Todos estos cálculos son para rosca ordinaria (UNC)..
- Los cálculos para tornillos GR 2 solo cubren los tornillos para diámetros entre 1/4"-3/4" y
hasta 6" de longitud; para tornillos más largos el torque que se puede aplicar se reduce significativamente. - La fuerza de apriete esta basada en un 75% de la mínima carga de prueba para cada grado y diámetro.
- Carga de prueba, área de esfuerzo, Limite de fluencia y demás datos están basados en IFI 7th Edition (2003) Technical Data N-68, SAE J429, ASTM A307, A325, A354, A449, y A490.
* Fuente: Portland Bolt (http://www.portlandbolt.com/technicalinformation/bolt-torque-chart.html)
Torque de Apriete para Tornillería Milimétrica
Para tornillos de rosca ordinaria. Basado en un coeficiente de fricción, µ, de 0.100
| Diámetro Tornillo | Grado o Clase | ||||
| Torque de apriete máximo (Nm) | |||||
| 4.6 | 5.6 | 8.8 | 10.9 | 12.9 | |
| M4 | 1.02 | 1.37 | 3 | 4.4 | 5 |
| M5 | 2 | 2.7 | 5.9 | 8.7 | 10 |
| M6 | 3.5 | 4.6 | 10 | 15 | 18 |
| M8 | 8.4 | 11 | 25 | 36 | 43 |
| M10 | 17 | 22 | 49 | 72 | 84 |
| M12 | 29 | 39 | 85 | 125 | 145 |
| M14 | 46 | 62 | 135 | 200 | 235 |
| M16 | 71 | 95 | 210 | 310 | 365 |
| M18 | 97 | 130 | 300 | 430 | 500 |
| M20 | 138 | 184 | 425 | 610 | 710 |
| M22 | 186 | 250 | 580 | 820 | 960 |
| M24 | 235 | 315 | 730 | 1,050 | 1,220 |
| M27 | 350 | 470 | 1,100 | 1,550 | 1,800 |
| M30 | 475 | 3635 | 1,450 | 2,100 | 2,450 |
| M33 | 645 | 8865 | 1,970 | 2,770 | 3,330 |
| M36 | 830 | 1,111 | 2,530 | 3,560 | 4,280 |
Para tornillos de rosca fina. Basado en un coeficiente de fricción, µ, de 0.100
| Diámetro del tornillo | Torque de apriete MA máx. (Nm) | ||
| Grado o Clase | |||
| 8.8 | 10.9 | 12.9 | |
| M8 x 1.00 | 22 | 30 | 36 |
| M10 x 1.25 | 42 | 59 | 71 |
| M12 x 1.25 | 76 | 105 | 130 |
| M14 x 1.50 | 120 | 165 | 200 |
| M16 x 1.50 | 180 | 250 | 300 |
| M18 x 1.50 | 260 | 365 | 435 |
| M20 x 1.50 | 360 | 510 | 610 |
| M22 x 1.50 | 480 | 680 | 810 |
| M24 x 2.00 | 610 | 860 | 1,050 |
Conversión de Unidades:
- Ncm = Nm x 100
- In-lbs = Ncm x 0.08851
- Ft-lbs = Ncm x 0.00737
- Ft-lbs = Nm x 0.7379
